China launched military drills around Taiwan early on Saturday, saying it was a "stern warning" as Beijing tries to assert its control over the strait following a meeting between Taiwan's president and the US House speaker.

A three-day training exercise dubbed "United Sharp Sword" is due to run until Monday. Taiwan's Defense Ministry said 42 Chinese planes and eight ships crossed the strait's median line on Saturday morning.

The ministry expressed its "solemn condemnation of such irrational actions."

China has been vocal about its utter rejection of Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen's meeting with US House Speaker Kevin McCarthy, describing it as a "a political show." The meeting took place while Tsai stopped in California en route to Central America.

The Taiwanese leader has transited via the United States seven times since taking office in 2016, often meeting US officials, including members of Congress. However, this was the first meeting between a House speaker and a Taiwanese president on US soil.

What do we know about the drills?

The Eastern Theater Command of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) said the drills would take place around Taiwan's maritime areas and air space, "off the northern and southern coasts of the island, and to the island's east."

An amphibious landing craft fired multiple rounds of artillery in the vicinity of Luoyan Bay on the coast of Fujian province, which is situated in China, facing Taiwan.

"These operations serve as a stern warning against the collusion between separatist forces seeking 'Taiwan independence' and external forces and against their provocative activities," the PLA's Spokesman Shi Yin said.

He added that they were "necessary for safeguarding China's national sovereignty and territorial integrity."

What do the drills mean?

China considers Taiwan part of its territory, and has stressed it will not hesitate to use force to assert its power over the strait.

Tensions between Taiwan and Beijing have peaked since a visit to the strait by former US House speaker Nancy Pelosi last summer. China also held military drills following the visit.

"Now that the categorical difference in China's response to Pelosi's visit to Taiwan and Tsai's meeting with McCarthy in California is gone, it's worth observing whether the exercise announced today will be qualitatively and quantitatively different from the week-long military exercise staged around Taiwan last August following Pelosi's visit to Taiwan,” Wenti Sung, a China expert at the Australian National University, told DW.

"China may have considered to announce the military exercises because former Taiwanese President Ma Ying-Jeou and French President Emmanuel Macron as well as European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen have completed their trips to China and left," he said.

The European leaders concluded a three-day official visit to China on Friday. The trip was centered around smoothing EU ties with the country, amid growing friction with the US, as well as pushing Beijing to take a more active role in mediating peace in Ukraine.

Sung said China might wish to show that if the US and Taiwan plan to normalize routine high-level political meetings, it will make military exercises around Taiwan more common.